Overview
In this exercise, we'll georeference an aerial image from an Aeropod by assigning it real-world spatial coordinates. Unlike simply marking where the image was taken, georeferencing aligns the image with actual ground locations, allowing it to be combined with other geographic data in Geographic Information System (GIS) software and analyzed quantitatively.
ArcGIS Pro is a GIS tool for processing and analyzing spatial datasets using layers and analysis tools. ArcGIS Pro requires the Windows operating system and a license for use. A free K-12 educational license is available from ESRI's overview page.
Resources
Georeferencing with ArcGIS Pro 2025 manual
Technology required
Computer with internet access, Windows operating system, ArcGIS Pro software, aerial image of study site.
Setting
- Classroom
- Indoor
Lesson Duration
- 1 - 2 class periods
Participant Group Size
N/A
Analysis Type
- Descriptive
- Quantitative
- GIS
History of development and implementation of this learning activity
- N/A
NGSS Science Standards
There are no direct NGSS standards for GIS. Instead, GIS helps to address the standards in the following areas:
Science and Engineering Practices (SEPs): GIS is a powerful tool for developing skills such as:
Analyzing and Interpreting Data: Students can use GIS to analyze spatial data, such as population density or climate patterns, to identify trends and patterns.
Developing and Using Models: GIS allows students to create and manipulate digital models of geographic phenomena, helping them visualize and understand complex systems.
Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking: GIS involves various mathematical calculations and spatial analysis techniques, directly supporting this SEP.
Disciplinary Core Ideas (DCIs): GIS can be used to teach concepts in various Earth and Space Science (ESS) DCIs, such as:
Earth Systems: Analyzing maps to understand Earth's surface features or patterns of weather.
Earth and Human Activity: Examining how human activities, like urbanization or deforestation, impact the environment on a geographic scale.
Crosscutting Concepts (CCCs): GIS is particularly useful for illustrating CCCs like:
Patterns: Identifying spatial patterns in data to understand natural processes.
Cause and Effect: Exploring how different factors, when viewed geographically, influence outcomes.
Systems and System Models: Creating and analyzing geographic models to understand how different parts of Earth's systems interact.
